BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF INDIAN WHITE PRAWN (Fenneropenaeus indicus) AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROFILING OF WATER QUALITY IN SUBARNAREKHA RIVER, EAST SINGHBHUM, JHARKHAND (INDIA)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/abr.2025.27.01.17Keywords:
Biomass production, Fenneropenaeus indicus, physicochemical properties, seasonal variation, Subarnarekha river, water qualityAbstract
The Subarnarekha river, known as the "Golden River" of the Chotanagpur Plateau in Jharkhand (India), is adversely impacted by industrial effluents and anthropogenic activities, threatening its aquatic biodiversity. This study assessed the seasonal variations in physicochemical properties and their influence on the growth, survival, and biomass of Indian white prawn (Fenneropenaeus indicus) at two sites in East Singhbhum, i.e., Site I (Mango, Jamshedpur) and Site II (Galudih, Ghatshila), from July 2019 to June 2022.The water quality-related physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and salinity) were monitored seasonally, and their correlations with prawn survival rate, mean body weight, length, and biomass production were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results revealed notable seasonal fluctuations in physicochemical parameters, particularly water temperature and salinity, which exhibited strong positive correlations with prawn growth metrics.Site II consistently exhibited higher mean body weight, survival rate, and biomass production compared to Site I, with optimal growth observed during the spring season. Water temperature showed a strong positive correlation with growth metrics, while salinity played a crucial role, particularly influencing survival and biomass.The findings highlight that physicochemical parameters—especially temperature and salinity—significantly impact the growth and productivity of F. indicus in the Subarnarekha river. These findings underscore the importance of regular water quality monitoring for sustaining aquaculture practices in riverine ecosystems impacted by pollution. Effective management of pollution sources is essential to conserve the river’s health and support the livelihoods dependent on its aquatic resources.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, M.K., Islam, S., Rahman, S., Haque, M. and Islam, M.M. (2010). Heavy metals in water, sediment and some fishes of Buriganga river, Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Research, 4(2): 321–332.
Alam, M.S., Hossain, M.S., Monwar, M.M. and Hoque, M.E. (2013). Assessment of fish distribution and biodiversity status in Upper Halda river, Chittagong, Bangladesh. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 5: 349–357.
Amadi, A.N. (2011). Assessing the effects of Aladimma dumpsite on soil and groundwater using water quality index and factor analysis. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(11): 763–770.
APHA. (2012). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Vol. 6 (22nd ed.). American Public Health Association/ American Water Works Association/ Water Environment Federation, Washington, USA.
Banerjee, S., Maiti, S.K. and Kumar, A. (2015). Metal contamination in water and bioaccumulation of metals in the planktons, molluscs and fishes in Jamshedpur stretch of Subarnarekha river of Chotanagpur plateau, India. Water and Environment Journal, 29: 207–213.
Bhateria, R. and Jain, D. (2016). Water quality assessment of lake water: A review. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2: 161–173.
Blaber, S.J. (2008). Tropical Estuarine Fishes: Ecology, Exploitation and Conservation. John Wiley & Sons, Queensland, Australia.
Brown, M.E. (1957). Experimental studies on growth. In: M.E. Brown (Ed.), Physiology of Fishes, Volume I (pp. 361–400). Academic Press, New York, USA.
Crisp, J.A., Partridge, G.J., D’Souza, F.M., Tweedley, J.R. and Moheimani, N.R. (2017). Effects of temperature and salinity on larval survival and development of the western school prawn Metapenaeus dalli. International Aquatic Research, 9: 1–10.
Duque, G., Gamboa-García, D.E., Molina, A. and Cogua, P. (2020). Effect of water quality variation on fish assemblages in an anthropogenically impacted tropical estuary, Colombian Pacific. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27: 25740–25753.Duque, G., Gamboa‐García, D.E., Molina, A. and Cogua, P. (2022). Influence of water quality on the macroinvertebrate community in a tropical estuary (Buenaventura Bay). Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 18: 796–812.
Dutta, P. and Lal, S. (2021). Studies on Penaeus indicus (white leg prawn) on the biomass production in reference with the physiochemical parameters at river Subarnarekha East Singhbhum, Jharkhand. Biospectra, 16: 81–84.
Foley, M.M., Duda, J.J., Beirne, M.M., Paradis, R., Ritchie, A. and Warrick, J.A. (2015). Rapid water quality change in the Elwha river estuary complex during dam removal. Limnology and Oceanography, 60: 1719–1732.
Ghosh, A., Bhaumik, U. and Satpathy, B. (2011). Fish diversity of Subarnarekha Estuary in relation to salinity. Journal of Inland Fisheries Society of India, 43: 51–61.
Hopkins, K.D. (1992). Reporting fish growth: A review of the basics 1. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 23: 173–179.
Karim, M.Y. (2007). The effect of osmotic various medium salinity of vitality of female mud crab (Scylla olivacea). Journal Protein, 14: 65–72.
Kenworthy, J.M., Paterson, D.M. and Bishop, M.J. (2016). Response of benthic assemblages to multiple stressors: Comparative effects of nutrient enrichment and physical disturbance. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 562: 37–51.
Knudsen, M. (1901). Hydrographical Tables. G.E.C. Gad, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kumlu, M. and Jones, D. (1995). Salinity tolerance of hatchery-reared postlarvae of Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards originating from India. Aquaculture, 130: 287–296.
Manush, S., Pal, A., Chatterjee, N., Das, T. and Mukherjee, S. (2004). Thermal tolerance and oxygen consumption of Macrobrachium rosenbergii acclimated to three temperatures. Journal of Thermal Biology, 29: 15–19.
Montagna, M.C. (2011). Efecto de la temperatura sobre la supervivencia y el crecimiento de los camarones dulciacuícolas Macrobrachium borellii y Palaemonetes argentinus (Crustacea, Palaemonidae). Iheringia. Série Zoologia, 101: 233–238.
Nelson, J.A., Johnson, D.S., Deegan, L.A., Spivak, A.C. and Sommer, N.R. (2019). Feedbacks between nutrient enrichment and geomorphology alter bottom-up control on food webs. Ecosystems, 22: 229–242.
Niu, Y. and O'Hara, M.J. (2003). Origin of ocean island basalts: A new perspective from petrology, geochemistry, and mineral physics considerations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 108(B4). [https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JB002048]
earson, K. (1907). On further methods of determining correlation. Drapers Company Research Memoirs, Biometric Series, 4: 1–39.
Pouso, S., Uyarra, M.C. and Borja, Á. (2018). The recovery of estuarine quality and the perceived increase of cultural ecosystem services by beach users: A case study from northern Spain. Journal of Environmental Management, 212: 450–461.
Rashed-Un-Nabi, M., Al-Mamun, M.A., Ullah, M.H. and Mustafa, M.G. (2011). Temporal and spatial distribution of fish and shrimp assemblage in the Bakkhali river estuary of Bangladesh in relation to some water quality parameters. Marine Biology Research, 7: 436–452.
Ravindra, K. and Kaushik, A. (2003). Seasonal variations in physicochemical characteristics of river Yamuna in Haryana and its ecological best-designated use. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 5: 419–426.
Romano, N. and Zeng, C. (2006). The effects of salinity on the survival, growth and haemolymph osmolality of early juvenile blue swimmer crabs, Portunus pelagicus. Aquaculture, 260(1–4): 151–162.
Salunke, M., Kalyankar, A., Khedkar, C.D., Shingare, M. and Khedkar, G.D. (2020). A review on shrimp aquaculture in India: Historical perspective, constraints, status and future implications for impacts on aquatic ecosystem and biodiversity. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 28(3): 283–302.
Sharma, A. and Subba, B. (2005). General biology of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium lamarrei (H. Milne-Edwards) of Biratnagar, Nepal. Our Nature, 3: 31–41.
Welch, P.S. (1952). Limnology. McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc., New York, USA.
Yang, X.E., Wu, X., Hao, H.L. and He, Z.L. (2008). Mechanisms and assessment of water eutrophication. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 9: 197–209.
Zonneveld, N. and Fadholi, R. (1991). Feed intake and growth of red Tilapia at different stocking densities in ponds in Indonesia. Aquaculture, 99(1–2): 83–94.
