Scale to Measure the Attitude of Farmers towards the Maize and Wheat Crops
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/IJEE.2025.613RT04Abstract
Attitude plays a critical role in shaping one’s behavior towards any psychological object. Scales were created to examine farmers’ attitudes on maize and wheat crops. A list of 26 attitude statements for maize crop and 27 attitude statements for wheat crop was compiled and improved using Edward’s 14 principles, and included both positive and negative remarks. The study was conducted in 2024 with a total of 56 farmers in the sub-tropical zone, which included districts such as Akhnoor, Samba, and Kathua, and 56 farmers in the mid-hill zone, which included districts such as Rajouri, Kishtwar, Ramban, and Doda. Ultimately, each statement’s “t” value was calculated, and found that 13 statements for the maize crop and 11 statements for the wheat crop had a “t” value higher than 1.75, which were retained in order to assess the final scale’s validity and reliability. Cronbach’s alpha was proposed for assessing the reliability of attitude scales. In the case of scale for maize crop, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.81, and 0.71 in the case of the wheat crop, validating the constructed scale’s internal consistency. The experts’ opinions were used to determine the scale’s content validity. With some changes, the ultimate scale will be used to gauge the attitude of farmers toward the maize and wheat crops.
Downloads
References
Bardhan, T., Bhardwaj, N., Kashyap, S. K., Kameswari, V. L. V., Kuswaha, G. S., & Dey, A. (2023). Development of Multi-dimensional Scale to Measure Attitude of Farmers Towards Conservation Agricultural Practices. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 59(1), 127–130.
Boora, S., Kaur, B., Tyagi, R., Manisha. & Rohit. (2022). Attitude of Farmers Toward Intercropping in Haryana. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 58(4), 91-95.
Chandra, S., Ghadei, K., Chennamadhava, M., & Ali, W. (2024). Development and Validation of a Farmer’s Focused Digital Literacy Scale. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 60(1), 111–115.
Dilmurodovich, D. S., Bekmurodovich, B. N., Shakirjonovich, K. N., Shomiljonovich, S. S., & Raxmatullaevich, A. J. (2021). Productivity, quality and technological characteristics of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety and lines for the Southern regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, 22(7&8), 63-74.
Erenstein, O., Jaleta, M., Sonder, K., Mottaleb, K., & Prasanna, B. M. (2022). Global maize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications. Food Security, 14, 1295-1319.
Fanzo, J., Haddad, L., Schneider, K. R., Bene, C., Covic, N. M., Guarin, A., Herforth, A. W., Herrero, M., Sumaila, U. R., Aburto, N. J., Amuyunzu-Nyamongo, M., Barquera, S., Battersby, J., Beal, T., Bizzotto Molina, P., Brusset, E., Cafiero, C., Campeau, C., Caron, P., & Rosero Moncayo, J. (2021). Viewpoint: Rigorous monitoring is necessary to guide food system transformation in the countdown to the 2030 global goals. Food Policy, 10, 1-20.
Gupta, S. K., Nain, M. S., Singh, R., & Mishra, J. R. (2022). Development of scale to measure agripreneurs attitude towards entrepreneurial climate. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 58(2), 153-57. http://doi.org/10.48165/IJEE.2022.58237
Hellin, J., Krishna, V. V., Erenstein, O., & Boeber, C. (2015). India’s Poultry Revolution: Implications for its Sustenance and the Global Poultry Trade. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 18, 151-164.
Khan, W. H., Jamal, A., & Shah, A. H. (2018). Sustainable agricultural development in India with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir: A macro analysis. Asian Journal of Managerial Science, 7(3), 37-41.
Lissitz, R. (1975). Effect of the number of scale points on reliability: A Monte Carlo approach. Psycnet.Apa.Org. Retrieved February 1, 2022, from https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/apl/60/1/10
Narayan, S. B. (2012). Sustainable agricultural development and organic farming in India. Golden Research Thoughts, 1(11), 1-4.
Ramya, H. R., Devi, M. C. A., Naveena, N., & Subhash, S. (2019). Perception of farmers towards integrated farming systems in select agro-climatic zones of Karnataka: A Methodological Approach. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 55(4), 31–36.
Reddy, D. A. K., Garai, S., Maiti, S., Manjunath, K. V., Panja, A., & Sahani, S. (2023). Construction of scale to measure women farmers’ attitude towards climate resilient dairy farming practices. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 59(3), 141–144.
Saikia, P., Sarma, D. K., Saikia, R., Saharia, P. K., Hazarika, M., Hussain, S. M., Bhagwati, K., Sarmah, R., Nath, D., & Deka, M. (2024). Scale to measure the attitude of fish farmers towards the APART project in Assam. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 60(2), 89-94.
Vavilava, P., Singh, V. K., Singh, D. K., & Singh, L. B. (2024). Attitude of the staff towards farmer producers organization – development and standardization of the scale. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 60(1), 116-119.
Velamuri, A., Mallappa, V. K. H. & Parikh, N. (2024). Construction and validation of research satisfaction scale (RSS) for post-research analysis of graduates. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 60(1), 120–123.
Books/Reports:
Edwards, A. L. (1969). Techniques of attitude scale construction, Bombay. Vakils Feffer and Simons Pvt Ltd.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. McGrawhill Publications, New York
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
