Successful Management of Extra Genital Transmissible Venereal Tumor in a Dog

Abstract

The canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), also referred to as infectious sarcoma, venereal granuloma,  transmissible lymphosarcoma, or sticker tumor, is a  contagious neoplasm of unknown origin. It is sexually  transmitted and naturally occurs only in dogs, primarily  targeting the external genitalia of both male and female  animals (Mukaratirwa and Gruys, 2003). Based on the location  of the mass, the tumor is categorized into two types: genital  TVT and extragenital TVT. The tumor commonly appears  as ulcerated masses on the penis, prepuce, or vulva, which  tend to bleed easily. Additionally, it may occur in other  locations, such as the nasal cavity, oral cavity, eyes, and  subcutaneous areas of the skin. Transmission among dogs  and other canids can occur through coitus, licking, biting,  or sniffing the affected areas (Das and Das, 2000; Rugmini et  al., 2025). The neoplasia has a global distribution but is more  prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions (Ferreira et al.,  2000), particularly in countries with significant populations  of stray dogs (Papazoglou et al., 2001). Asodiya et al. (2024),  analysed 562 canine neoplasms recorded over 2017 to 2021 at  Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Anand (Gujarat, India),  and recorded CTVT in 68 (12.09%) cases.